ITIS - Report: Crataegus

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Crataegus L.
Taxonomic Serial No.: 24539

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Taxonomy and Nomenclature


	Kingdom:	Plantae
	Taxonomic Rank:	Genus
	Synonym(s):	Mespilus L.
		Crataegus merita Sarg.
		Crataegus michauxii Pers.
	Common Name(s):	hawthorns [English]
		aubépines [French]

	Taxonomic Status:
	Current Standing:	accepted

	Data Quality Indicators:
	Record Credibility Rating:	verified - standards met
	Global Species Completeness:	partial
	Latest Record Review:	2011

Taxonomic Hierarchy


	Kingdom	Plantae – plantes, Planta, Vegetal, plants
	Subkingdom	Viridiplantae – green plants
	Infrakingdom	Streptophyta – land plants
	Superdivision	Embryophyta
	Division	Tracheophyta – vascular plants, tracheophytes
	Subdivision	Spermatophytina – spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames
	Class	Magnoliopsida
	Superorder	Rosanae
	Order	Rosales
	Family	Rosaceae – roses
	Genus	Crataegus L. – hawthorns, aubépines
		Direct Children:
	Species	Crataegus aemula Beadle – Rome hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus aestivalis (Walter) Torr. & A. Gray – may hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus alabamensis Beadle
	Species	Crataegus allegheniensis Beadle
	Species	Crataegus ambigua C.A. Mey. ex A.K. Becker
	Species	Crataegus ambitiosa Sarg. – Grand Rapids hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus anamesa Sarg. – Fort Bend hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ancisa Beadle – Mississippi hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus annosa Beadle – Phoenix City hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus antimina Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus aprica Beadle – sunny hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus aquacervensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Elkwater hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus arborescens Elliott
	Species	Crataegus arbutifolia Lam.
	Species	Crataegus arcana Beadle – Carolina hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ashei Beadle – Ashe's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ater Ashe – Nashville hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus atrorubens Ashe
	Species	Crataegus atrovirens J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon
	Species	Crataegus attrita Beadle
	Species	Crataegus austromontana Beadle – valley head hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus azarolus L. – azarole, Mediterranean-medlar
	Species	Crataegus beadlei Ashe – Beadle's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus beata Sarg. – Dunbar's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus berberifolia Torr. & A. Gray – barberry hawthorn, barberry-leaved hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus bicknellii Eggl.
	Species	Crataegus biltmoreana Beadle
	Species	Crataegus brachyacantha Sarg. & Engelm. – blueberry hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus brachyphylla Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus brainerdii Sarg. – aubépine de Brainerd, Brainerd's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus brazoria Sarg. – Brazos hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X brevipes Peck (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus brittonii Eggl. – Britton's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus buckleyi Beadle
	Species	Crataegus bullatus Boiss. – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus calpodendron (Ehrh.) Medik. – pear hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X canescens (J.B. Phipps) T.A. Dickinson & E.Y.Y. Lo
	Species	Crataegus carrollensis Sarg. – Eureka Springs hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus castlegarensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Castlegar hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus chlorosarca Maxim.
	Species	Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe – fireberry hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus coccinea L. – scarlet hawthorn, red-fruited hawthorn, red haw
	Species	Crataegus coccinioides Ashe – Kansas hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus cognata Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus coleae Sarg. – Cole's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus collicola Ashe
	Species	Crataegus collina Chapm. – Hillside hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus colonica Beadle
	Species	Crataegus compacta Sarg. – clustered hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus condigna Beadle – river junction hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus contrita Beadle – southern hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus corusca Sarg. – shiningbranch hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus craytonii Beadle – Crayton's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus crocea Beadle
	Species	Crataegus crus-galli L. – aubépine ergot-de-coq, bush hawthorn, cockspur hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus cuneata Siebold & Zucc. – Chinese hawthorn, Nippon hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus cupressocollina J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Cypress Hills hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus dahurica Koehne ex C.K. Schneid.
	Species	Crataegus dallasiana Sarg. – Dallas hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus delawarensis Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus desueta Sarg. – New York hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus dispar Beadle – Aiken hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus disperma Ashe – spreading hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus dispessa Ashe – mink hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus distincta Kruschke – distinct hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus dodgei Ashe – Dodge's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus douglasii Lindl. – river hawthorn, black hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus egens Beadle
	Species	Crataegus egregia Beadle
	Species	Crataegus enderbyensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon
	Species	Crataegus erythrocarpa Ashe – red hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus erythropoda Ashe – cerro hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus exilis Beadle – slender hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus extraria Beadle – Marietta hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus fecunda Sarg. – fecund hawthorn, clair hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus fernaldii Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus flabellata (Bosc ex Spach) K. Koch – fanleaf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus flava Aiton – yellow hawthorn, yellowleaf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus florens Beadle
	Species	Crataegus floridana Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus florifera Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus fluviatilis Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus formosa Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus fragilis Beadle – fragile hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus fretalis Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus frugiferens Beadle
	Species	Crataegus furtiva Beadle – Albany hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus galbana Beadle
	Species	Crataegus gattingeri Ashe – Gattinger's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus gaylussacia A. Heller – Huckleberry hawthorn, Suksdorf's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus germanica (L.) Kuntze – medlar, common medlar
	Species	Crataegus X gillotii (Beck) T.A. Dickinson & E.Y.Y. Lo
	Species	Crataegus glareosa Ashe – Port Huron hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus grandis Ashe – grand hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus greggiana Eggl. – Gregg's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X grignonensis Mouill.
	Species	Crataegus X haemacarpa Ashe (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus harbisonii Beadle – Harbison's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus helvina Ashe – Clarkton hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus holmesiana Ashe – Holmes' hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X hudsonica Sarg. (pro sp.) – Hudson hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ideae Sarg. – Concord hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ignava Beadle – Bedford Springs hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X immanis Ashe (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus impar Beadle – redclay hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus inanis Beadle – oldmaid hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X incaedua Sarg. (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus indicens Ashe – Mansfield hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus integra Beadle – Lake Ella hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus intricata Lange – Biltmore hawthorn, Copenhagen hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus invicta Beadle – Fulton hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus iracunda Beadle – stolonbearing hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus irrasa Sarg. – Blanchard's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus jesupii Sarg. – Jesup's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus jonesiae Sarg. – Miss Jones' hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus kansuensis E.H. Wilson
	Species	Crataegus kelloggii Sarg. – Kellogg's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X kennedyi Sarg. (pro sp.) – Kennedy's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus kingstonensis Sarg. – Kingston's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus knieskerniana Sarg. – Knieskern's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lacrimata Small – Pensacola hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC. – smooth hawthorn, English hawthorn, whitethorn, woodland hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lanata Beadle – hoary hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lancei J.B. Phipps
	Species	Crataegus X laneyi Sarg. (pro sp.) – Laney's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lanuginosa Sarg. – woolly hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lassa Beadle – Florida hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus latebrosa Sarg. – densewoods hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus laurentiana Sarg. – Laurentian hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X lauta Sarg. (pro sp.)
	Species	Crataegus X lavallei Hérincq ex Lavallée
	Species	Crataegus leonensis E.J. Palmer
	Species	Crataegus lepida Beadle – dwarf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus levis Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus limata Beadle – Warm Springs hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lucorum Sarg. – grove hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus lumaria Ashe – roundleaf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus macracantha Lodd. ex Louden – large-thorn hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus macrosperma Ashe – bigfruit hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus magniflora Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus X maligna Sarg. (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus margarettae Ashe – Margarett's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus marshallii Eggl. – parsley hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus maximowiczii C.K. Schneid.
	Species	Crataegus X media Bechst.
	Species	Crataegus membranacea Sarg. – tissueleaf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus menandiana Sarg. – Menand's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus mendosa Beadle – Albertville hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus meridiana Beadle
	Species	Crataegus mexicana DC. – tejocote, Mexican hawthorn, manzanita tejocotera
	Species	Crataegus mira Beadle – confederate hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus mollis (Torr. & A. Gray) Scheele – Arnold hawthorn, red hawthorn, downy hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus monogyna Jacq. – singleseed hawthorn, oneseed hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X mordenensis Boom
	Species	Crataegus multiflora Bunge – inkberry hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus munda Beadle – Batesburg hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus nananixonii J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Nixon's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus neobushii Sarg. – Bush's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus nigra Waldst. & Kit.
	Species	Crataegus nitida (Engelm. ex Britton & A. Br.) Sarg. – glossy hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus nitidula Sarg. – Ontario hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X notha Sarg. (pro hybr.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus nuda Sarg. – nude hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus oakesiana Eggl.
	Species	Crataegus okanaganensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Okanagan Valley hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus okennonii J.B. Phipps – O'Kennon's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus opaca Hook. & Arn. – riverflat hawthorn, western mayhaw, apple haw
	Species	Crataegus opima Beadle
	Species	Crataegus opulens Sarg. – Rochester hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus orbicularis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon
	Species	Crataegus orientalis Pall. ex M. Bieb.
	Species	Crataegus ouachitensis E.J. Palmer – Ouachita hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus padifolia Sarg. – bird-cherry hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus paludosa Sarg. – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pearsonii Ashe – Pearson's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X peckietta Sarg. (pro sp.) – Peck's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus penita Beadle – Great Smoky Mountain hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pennsylvanica Ashe – Pennsylvania hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.
	Species	Crataegus pequotorum Sarg. – Connecticut hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus perjucunda Sarg. – pearthorn
	Species	Crataegus persimilis Sarg. – plumleaf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pexa Beadle
	Species	Crataegus phaenopyrum (L. f.) Medik. – Washington hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus phippsii O'Kennon – Phipps' hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X pilosa Sarg. (pro sp.) – pilose hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pinetorum Beadle – pineland hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge – Chinese haw, Chinese hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus populnea Ashe
	Species	Crataegus porrecta Ashe – Pittsburgh hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pratensis Sarg. – prairie hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus prona Ashe – Illinois hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch – frosted hawthorn, waxyfruit hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X puberis Sarg. (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus pulcherrima Ashe – beautiful hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus punctata Jacq. – dotted hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus purpurella J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Loch Lomond hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus putata Sarg. – Scranton hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus quaesita Beadle – gulf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ravida Ashe – jeweled hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus reverchonii Sarg. – Reverchon's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand.
	Species	Crataegus rhodella Ashe – Franklin's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rigens Beadle – Gadsden hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rivularis Nutt. – river hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rivuloadamensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Adams Creek hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rivulopugnensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Battle Creek hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus robinsonii Sarg. – Robinson's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus roribacca Ashe
	Species	Crataegus rubella Beadle
	Species	Crataegus X rubrocarnea Sarg. (pro sp.) – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus rufula Sarg. – rusty hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus saligna Greene – willow hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus sanguinea Pall.
	Species	Crataegus sargentii Beadle – Sargent's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus scabrida Sarg. – rough hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus schizophylla Eggl.
	Species	Crataegus schuettei Ashe – Schuette's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus segnis Beadle
	Species	Crataegus senta Beadle
	Species	Crataegus shaferi Sarg. – Shafer's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus sheila-phippsiae J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon
	Species	Crataegus sheridana A. Nelson – Great plains hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus shuswapensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon
	Species	Crataegus sicca Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus X simulata Sarg. – hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus sororia Beadle
	Species	Crataegus spathulata Michx. – littlehip hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus spatiosa Sarg. – New London hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus spissa Sarg. – Essex hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus stenosepala Sarg. – duke hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus stolonifera Sarg.
	Species	Crataegus stonei Sarg. – Stone's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus submollis Sarg. – Quebec hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus suborbiculata Sarg. – Caughuawaga hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link – fleshy hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus tanacetifolia (Poir.) Pers.
	Species	Crataegus tanuphylla Sarg. – keystone hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus teres Beadle
	Species	Crataegus texana Buckley – Texas hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus thermopegaea E.J. Palmer – graceful hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus tinctoria Ashe – dyed hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus tracyi Ashe ex Eggl. – mountain hawthorn, Tracy's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus triflora Chapm. – threeflower hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus turnerorum Enquist – Turner's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus uniflora Münchh. – oneflower hawthorn, dwarf hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus ursopedensis J.B. Phipps & O'Kennon – Bears Paw hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus vailiae Britton – Miss Vail's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus valida Beadle – Rockmart hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus venusta Beadle
	Species	Crataegus viridis L. – green hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus visenda Beadle
	Species	Crataegus vulsa Beadle – Alabama hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus wattiana Hemsl. & Lace
	Species	Crataegus X websteri Sarg. – Webster's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus X whitakeri Sarg. (pro hybr.)
	Species	Crataegus williamsii Eggl. – Williams' hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus wootoniana Eggl. – Wooton's hawthorn
	Species	Crataegus xanthophylla Sarg. – buffalo hawthorn

References


	Expert(s):
	Expert:
	Notes:
	Reference for:

	Other Source(s):
	Source:	ITIS*^ca, website (version 2002)
	Acquired:	2003
	Notes:
	Reference for:	aubépines[French]

	Source:	NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0)
	Acquired:	1996
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Crataegus

	Source:	Rosaceae of North America Update, database (version 2011)
	Acquired:	2011
	Notes:	Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010)
	Reference for:	Crataegus

	Source:	The PLANTS Database, database (version 4.0.4)
	Acquired:	1996
	Notes:	National Plant Data Center, NRCS, USDA. Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. http://plants.usda.gov
	Reference for:	Crataegus

	Source:	The PLANTS Database, database (version 5.1.1)
	Acquired:	2000
	Notes:	National Plant Data Center, NRCS, USDA. Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. http://plants.usda.gov
	Reference for:	Crataegus

	Publication(s):
	Author(s)/Editor(s):	Lo, Eugenia Y. Y., Sasa Stefanovic, and Timothy A. Dickinson
	Publication Date:	2007
	Article/Chapter Title:	Molecular reappraisal of relationships between Crataegus and Mespilus (Rosaceae, Pyreae) - two genera or one?
	Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.:	Systematic Botany, vol. 32, no. 3
	Page(s):	596-616
	Publisher:
	Publication Place:
	ISBN/ISSN:	0363-6445
	Notes:
	Reference for:	Crataegus

Geographic Information


	Geographic Division:

	Jurisdiction/Origin:

Comments


	Comment:

Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the United States is a party, wildlife statutes, regulations, and any applicable notices that have been published in the Federal Register. For further information on U.S. legal requirements with respect to protected taxa, please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Integrated Taxonomic Information System - Report