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Rangifer tarandus  (Linnaeus, 1758)
Taxonomic Serial No.: 180701

(Download Help) Rangifer tarandus TSN 180701

 Taxonomy and Nomenclature
       
  Kingdom: Animalia  
  Taxonomic Rank: Species  
  Synonym(s):    
  Common Name(s): reindeer [English]
  
    caribou [English]
  
    caribou [French]
  
    Reindeer [English]
  
       
  Taxonomic Status:    
  Current Standing: valid  
       
  Data Quality Indicators:    
  Record Credibility Rating: verified - standards met  
       

 Taxonomic Hierarchy
       
 KingdomAnimalia  – Animal, animaux, animals  
    SubkingdomBilateria  – triploblasts  
       InfrakingdomDeuterostomia   
          PhylumChordata  – cordés, cordado, chordates  
             SubphylumVertebrata  – vertebrado, vertébrés, vertebrates  
                InfraphylumGnathostomata   
                   SuperclassTetrapoda   
                      ClassMammalia Linnaeus, 1758 – mammifčres, mamífero, mammals  
                         SubclassTheria Parker and Haswell, 1897  
                            InfraclassEutheria Gill, 1872  
                               OrderArtiodactyla Owen, 1848 – artiodactyls, porco do mato, veado, cloven-hoofed ungulates, even-toed ungulates  
                                  FamilyCervidae Goldfuss, 1820 – cervids, caribou, deer, moose, wapiti  
                                     SubfamilyCapreolinae Brookes, 1828  
                                        GenusRangifer C. H. Smith, 1827 – caribou, reindeer  
                                           SpeciesRangifer tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758) – reindeer, caribou, caribou, Reindeer  
    Direct Children:  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus buskensis (Millais, 1915)  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus caboti G. M. Allen, 1914  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin, 1788) – woodland caribou 
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus dawsoni Thompson-Seton, 1900  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus fennicus Lönnberg, 1909  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus (Borowski, 1780) – barren-ground caribou 
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus osborni J. A. Allen, 1902  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus pearsoni Lydekker, 1903  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus pearyi J. A. Allen, 1902 – Peary caribou 
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus phylarchus Hollister, 1912  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus (Vrolik, 1829)  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus sibiricus Murray, 1866  
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758) – caribou 
                                              Subspecies Rangifer tarandus terraenovae Bangs, 1896  
       

 References
       
  Expert(s):    
  Expert: Alfred L. Gardner  
  Notes: Curator of North American mammals and Chief of Mammal Section, National Biological Service, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA   
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus    
       
  Expert: Peter Grubb  
  Notes: 35 Downhills Park Road, London N17 6PE, England   
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus    
       
  Other Source(s):    
  Source: CDP, database (version 1999)  
  Acquired: 2003   
  Notes:    
  Reference for: caribou[English], caribou [French]   
       
  Source: NODC Taxonomic Code, database (version 8.0)  
  Acquired: 1996   
  Notes:    
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus   
       
  Publication(s):    
  Author(s)/Editor(s): Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner  
  Publication Date: 1987   
  Article/Chapter Title: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada   
  Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.: Resource Publication, no. 166   
  Page(s): 79   
  Publisher: United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service   
  Publication Place: Washington, D.C., USA   
  ISBN/ISSN:    
  Notes:    
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus   
       
  Author(s)/Editor(s): Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds.  
  Publication Date: 1993   
  Article/Chapter Title:    
  Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.: Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing   
  Page(s): xviii + 1207   
  Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press   
  Publication Place: Washington, DC, USA   
  ISBN/ISSN: 1-56098-217-9   
  Notes: Corrections were made to text at 3rd printing   
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus   
       
  Author(s)/Editor(s): Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds.  
  Publication Date: 2005   
  Article/Chapter Title:    
  Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.: Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2   
  Page(s): 2142   
  Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press   
  Publication Place: Baltimore, Maryland, USA   
  ISBN/ISSN: 0-8018-8221-4   
  Notes:    
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus   
       
  Author(s)/Editor(s): Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole  
  Publication Date: 2000   
  Article/Chapter Title:    
  Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.: Common Names of Mammals of the World   
  Page(s): xiv + 204   
  Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press   
  Publication Place: Washington, DC, USA   
  ISBN/ISSN: 1-56098-383-3   
  Notes: With contributions by Bernadette N. Graham, Adam P. Potter, and Mariana M. Upmeyer   
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus, caribou [English]   
       
  Author(s)/Editor(s): Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds.  
  Publication Date: 1999   
  Article/Chapter Title:    
  Journal/Book Name, Vol. No.: The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals   
  Page(s): xxv + 750   
  Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press   
  Publication Place: Washington, DC, USA   
  ISBN/ISSN: 1-56098-845-2   
  Notes:    
  Reference for: Rangifer tarandus   
       

 Geographic Information
       
  Geographic Division: Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China)  
    Southern Asia  
    North America  
       
  Jurisdiction/Origin: Continental US, Native  
    Canada, Native  
    Alaska, Native & Introduced  
 

 

    

 Comments
       
  Comment: Status: U.S. ESA - Endangered as R. t. caribou in Canada (SE British Columbia at the Canadian-USA border, Columbia River, Kootenay Lake, and Kootenai River) and USA (Idaho, Washington); IUCN - Endangered as R. t. pearyi, otherwise Lower Risk (lc). The woodland caribou is highly endangered throughout its distribution right inot Ontario (V. Geist, in litt.)  
    Comments: Subspecies have been placed in two divisions, compressicornis or Woodland Reindeer, and cylindricornis or Tundra Reindeer (Jacobi, 1931). These names of divisions are non-Linnean; cilindricornis Camerano, 1902 is a lapsus for cylindricornis and is not a Linnean name. An additional category has since been recognised for the Peary Caribou, due to marginal or seasonal sympatry between caribou in Arctic America, following Banfield (1963). Subspecies here considered valid are based on Banfield (...  
 

 

    

 
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Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the United States is a party, wildlife statutes, regulations, and any applicable notices that have been published in the Federal Register. For further information on U.S. legal requirements with respect to protected taxa, please contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

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